PHYSICS- Radiation Questions and Answers

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Q1
Which of the following is not a type of radioactive radiation?
  • A Alpha rays
  • B Beta rays
  • C Gamma rays
  • D Infrared rays
Answer: Option D
Explanation: Infrared rays are electromagnetic radiation from thermal sources, not nuclear radiation from radioactive decay.
Q2
Who discovered radioactivity?
  • A Wilhelm Roentgen
  • B Henri Becquerel
  • C Marie Curie
  • D J.J. Thomson
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in 1896 while experimenting with uranium salts.
Q3
Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power?
  • A Alpha rays
  • B Beta rays
  • C Gamma rays
  • D Cathode rays
Answer: Option C
Explanation: Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves that can penetrate most materials easily.
Q4
Which particle is emitted in alpha radiation?
  • A Electron
  • B Proton
  • C Helium nucleus
  • D Neutron
Answer: Option C
Explanation: Alpha particles consist of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, identical to a helium nucleus.
Q5
What is the charge on a beta particle?
  • A Positive
  • B Negative
  • C Neutral
  • D Double positive
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Beta particles are high-speed electrons emitted from the nucleus during beta decay.
Q6
The SI unit of radioactivity is:
  • A Tesla
  • B Becquerel
  • C Curie
  • D Sievert
Answer: Option B
Explanation: The becquerel (Bq) is the SI unit, defined as one disintegration per second.
Q7
The intensity of radiation decreases with:
  • A Distance
  • B Time
  • C Shielding
  • D All of these
Answer: Option D
Explanation: Radiation intensity decreases with distance (inverse square law), time (decay), and shielding (absorption).
Q8
Gamma rays are similar in nature to:
  • A Sound waves
  • B Light waves
  • C Beta particles
  • D Neutrons
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation like light, but with much higher energy and shorter wavelength.
Q9
Radioactive elements decay into stable elements by:
  • A Combustion
  • B Fusion
  • C Radioactive decay
  • D Conduction
Answer: Option C
Explanation: Radioactive decay is the spontaneous process by which unstable nuclei emit radiation.
Q10
Half-life of a radioactive element is the time in which:
  • A Half of the substance decays
  • B All decays
  • C Doubles in mass
  • D Starts emitting
Answer: Option A
Explanation: Half-life is defined as the time required for half of the radioactive atoms to decay.

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